Quantum Electrodynamics of Strong Laser-Matter Interaction: The Ongoing Journey and Beyond
Do you ever wonder about the quantum-electrodynamics side of strong-field laser physics? Strong laser–matter interactions have been a central topic since high-power lasers emerged about half a century ago. They underpin foundational work in atomic, molecular, and optical physics and have helped shape areas such as attosecond science, nonlinear optics, and ultrafast optoelectronics. Although many results can be described using classical electromagnetic fields, recent fully quantized approaches suggest new directions worth exploring. This seminar surveys efforts to treat intense laser–atom interactions within a fully quantized framework. We discuss how such methods can enable the generation of controllable, high-photon-number entangled coherent states and coherent-state superpositions—capabilities that are difficult to capture within semiclassical theories. We then apply the formalism to processes including high-harmonic generation and above-threshold ionization, highlighting features that do not appear in purely classical descriptions. Finally, we consider how these ideas might extend to more complex materials and what they could mean for emerging quantum technologies, especially at the intersection of attosecond physics and quantum information science.